Postcards and Topic Sentences

Review: What makes a complete sentence, parts of a sentence, basic punctuation and subject/verb agreement

Grammar: 

1. Adjectives: Identify, game
2. Articles (the, a, an)

Writing: Students will be taught to write topic sentences , supporting sentences , and an introductory or summary paragraph that contains an introduction , supporting details , and a conclusion. 学生将学习如何写主题句、支持句，以及文章中的段落（包含介绍主题、支援主题的细节及结论） 。

1. Topic Sentences: Main Idea (More exercises, activity). Summarizes the main point of a paragraph and tells the reader the main idea.

Exercise: Look at the picture and write a topic sentence.

Writing Problems:  TOPIC + MAIN POINT

WRONG: I will tell you about fast food.

RIGHT: Fast food is bad for your health.

Topic/Subject	Television's effects on children
Topic sentences:	Ex 1. Television hurts children because it teaches them violence.
	Ex 2. Television can improve a child's knowledge.

Write a topic sentence for each subject.

1. Smoking cigarettes
2. Foreign travel
3. Space exploration
4. Rock music (or rock musicians)
5. Studying a foreign language  

2. Theme vs. Main Idea

3. Supporting Sentences (signal words, video, practice, 2, 3, )

Writing a Postcard 明信片:

Standard postcards have five simple parts.

1. The greeting 問候；招呼；迎接
2. A sentence about WHERE you are
3. One or two sentences about WHAT you are doing or have done
4. A closing 結束的，結尾的，收結的
5. A signature 簽名

When students follow this formula, their postcard will look like the following.

Dear _____, 
I am in _________. We are having a great time. Yesterday we __________. Monday we ___________. Wish you were here. 
Love, _________

A Class:

Reading Comprehension: Class Field Trip

Reading Skills:

1. Classifying
2. Analogies
3. Following Directions (Recipes)
4. Recalling Details

B Class:

Reading Comprehension:

A. Sojourner Truth 索傑納·特魯思

Vocabulary: slavery, owner, separate, slave, remain

Video: Women on US $

B. Spiders

Vocabulary: creepy, eight-legged, creature, sticky, strand, lab, cable, bridge

C. Venus 金星 (維納斯)

Vocabulary: twin, degrees, surface, atmosphere, through, trap (v.)

D. Dogs

Vocabulary: wild, ancestors, wolf, pack (of animals), behave (v.)

[-F to -V in the plural click here for list:]

Winter Week: Nuclear Weapons

What was Einstein's role? 他在這個工程中負責甚麽？

Why do countries have nuclear weapons? 

When have they been used?

Are nuclear weapons really a deterrent? 

Was it wrong for the US to drop atomic bombs on Japan?

Warm Up: NUCLEAR CLUB: With your partner(s), talk about these nuclear (or soon-to-be) powers. How dangerous is each one. Agree on a rank for them: 10 = very dangerous; 1 = very safe. Change partners and tell each other your rankings.

USA Russia China India Iran

Great Britain Israel France North Korea Pakistan

Nuclear Fallout

Vocabulary:

1.  nuclear weapon
2. Manhattan Project 曼哈頓計劃 
3. nuclear fallout 輻射落塵 
4. radiation （核）輻射
5. nuclear winter 核子冬天（科學家認為在巨大核爆炸後出現的一段寒冷黑暗，生物滅絕的時期）
6. strategic arms reduction talks 削減戰略核武器會談

Nuclear Winter

What exactly is a nuclear weapon? 

There are different types of nuclear weapon – the atom bomb 原子彈, the hydrogen bomb 氫彈 and the neutron bomb 中子彈. All of them are designed to cause destruction  破壞 by releasing 釋放 huge amounts of energy at a specific time and place. The strength力量 of these weapons is measured測量 by comparing the force of the explosion 爆炸 to the weight重量 of TNT黃色炸藥 which would be needed to create the same effect影響力: for example, "25,000 tonnes". 

What exactly happens when a nuclear weapon explodes? 

Generally, a nuclear explosion will release about 50% of its energy in the form of a blast炸毀. 30% of the force of the explosion will be in the form of heat and the remainder (20%) will be released as radiation. The blast will damage and destroy property, creating the problem of flying debris碎片, for example, bricks and broken glass. 

What happens after a nuclear explosion? 

This depends on the amount of dust灰塵 and smoke released into the atmosphere大氣. Obviously, a nuclear explosion can cause immediate casualties傷亡– the blast, heat and radiation are deadly. In the longer term, radiation can continue to be dangerous when it falls back to us in the form of nuclear fallout 輻射落塵. It is alleged that after a nuclear war, there would be so much dust in the atmosphere that the sun would be blocked out and a nuclear winter would ensue接著發生, causing phenomenal damage to the planet's ecosystem生態系統 and jeopardizing危及 the survival存活 of all life forms, including humans. 

Who invented nuclear weapons? 

In the USA during World War Two, nuclear weapons were designed and developed using the code name "the Manhattan Project". The first ever atomic bomb was tried out in July 1945 in New Mexico. The results of the test were considered encouraging and so just one month later two atomic bombs (one uranium鈾 bomb and one plutonium鈽 bomb) were dropped by the USA in Japan, in an effort to end the conflict (war) between the two countries. The two flattened cities (Hiroshima 廣島市 and Nagasaki 長崎市) lost more than 100,000 citizens. 

In what ways are modern nuclear bombs different from past ones? 

There are three types of nuclear weapon: "strategic" weapons which have a range of nearly 3,500 miles (5632 km), "intermediate" weapons which can hit targets between 600 (965 km) and 3,500 miles away, and "short-range" weapons which would be used for targets up to 620 miles (997 km)  away. 

The neutron bomb, developed less than 30 years ago in the USA, is a special type of fission核裂變-fusion 核聚變 bomb and has been specifically enhanced提高 to injure or kill people with radiation, while leaving buildings largely intact完整無缺的. 

China Warns Trump To "Back-Off" or Nuclear War

Quick Quiz:

1. There are different types of nuclear weapon – the __________ bomb, the hydrogen bomb and the neutron bomb. 

2. The blast will damage and destroy property, creating the problem of __________ debris. 

3. There would be so much dust in the atmosphere that the sun would be blocked __________. 

4. A nuclear winter would ensue, causing phenomenal damage to the planet's ecosystem and jeopardizing the survival of all __________ forms. 

5. In the USA during World War Two, nuclear weapons were designed and developed __________ the code name "the Manhattan Project". 

6. "Short-range" weapons would be used for __________ up to 620 miles away. 

7. The neutron bomb has been specifically enhanced to injure or kill people with radiation while __________ buildings largely intact.

                                                   TED: We Don't Need Nuclear Weapons

Look at the questions choose 5 then survey your classmates. Write down their answers.

Questions	Student #1	Student #2	Student #3
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

RESOURCES:
http://www.breakingnewsenglish.com/0705/070526-nuclear_weapons.html

http://www.esldiscussions.com/n/nuclear_weapons.html

https://www.englishclub.com/esl-forums/viewtopic.php?t=40923