Unit 8:The War on Drugs 毒品戰爭

I. Unit Questions (Handout B Class/ A Class) PPT

1. What are supply and demand供給和需求 and how does this work in the illegal and legal drug trade?
2. Are over-the-counter drugs safe?
3. How do different countries handle addiction and controlling drugs?
4. Does Taiwan have a drug abuse problem?

II. Introduction
A. Common Illegal (Street) Drugs

• Highly addictive上癮的
• Easy to overdose 服藥過量 dose: v.服藥、n.一劑

1. Ketamine K他命 / 氯胺酮.“Special K” is an animal tranquilizer鎮靜劑. Users experience a “full-body buzz” a state of relaxation. The high lasts less than an hour. Users go into a trance昏睡狀態 called the “K-hole”. It’s addictive and overdose is possible.
2. Cocaine 古柯鹼
   “Coke” is a powerfully addictive上癮的 stimulant drug made from the leaves of the coca 古柯plant native 原生的 to South America.
3. Marijuana 大麻
   Most commonly used drug from dried leaves of the Cannabis 大麻plant. The active ingredient 原料 is THC四氫大麻酚. It is usually smoked.
4. Ecstasy (MDMA)搖頭丸.
   The “love pill” is an hallucinogen迷幻劑 that makes the user experience a state 狀態 of ecstasy狂喜 for 8-10 hours.
5. Amphetamine 安非他命/苯丙胺
   “Speed” is a powerful stimulant 興奮劑. Used for medical (ie ADHD注意力不足過動症
   ) and recreational 娛樂的purposes目的.
6. Crystal meth 冰毒/甲基苯丙胺“Methamphetamine”
7. Opium 鴉片.Dried part of poppy flower 罌粟花used for both medicine and street drugs like heroin.
8. Heroin 海洛英 An illegal opioid 鴉片that’s very addictive and used recreationally.

B. Class Conversations: Survey 3 Classmates

Introduction Reading: Drugs in Thailand (level 2)
Vocabulary: seize, bust, traffic, marijuana, amphetamine, ketamine, crystal meth, ecstasy

1.  Do you think alcohol is a drug?
2.  Do you know of any alcoholics?
3. Is alcohol addictive? What about tea, coffee, and chocolate?
4. Is there any difference between "soft" drugs such as marijuana and "hard" drugs like crack, heroin, cocaine etc?
5. Who is worse for society, a peaceful drug addict or a violent non-addict?Why?

III. Readings
A. Legal Drugs
1. What do you know about drugs?

• What are some dangerous drugs?
• What drugs do you think are useful?
• Have you ever used a prescription drug without a prescription?

Reading 1: Over the Counter Medicine Effects 非處方藥 
Vocabulary:

1. OTC 非處方藥
2. Side effects 副作用
3. Dementia 失智/癡呆
4. Tablet 藥片
5. Syrup 糖漿 ie. cough syrup, chocolate syrup...

EXTRA: Binge Drinking

B. The Global Movement of Marijuana Legalization 大麻合法化運動

• Do you think marijuana should be legal or illegal? Support your opinion with facts.
• Why does Taiwan have such a stigma against recreational or medicinal marijuana use?

Introduction:

 In America 25 states have legalized marijuana and many more will do so this year (2017). The pro-pot movement was not launched in the United States. It has been spreading globally, as far back as 1976, with countries like the Netherlands and Portugal experimenting with decriminalization. In Portugal, the possession of all drugs was decriminalized in 2001. In 2016, Uruguay and Canada legalized and regulated weed, helping to remove the stigma around the use of the plant. In 2017 Germany legalized recreational marijuana, as well as Ireland, Australia and Chile. Do you think Taiwan will ever follow their example?

Reading 2:Study Says Alcohol More Harmful Than Marijuana

A major new study研究 into drugs, published發表 in the British medical journal（醫療期刊 The Lancet刺胳針, has concluded總結 that alcohol and tobacco are more dangerous than many highly illegal drugs. They are listed in the top 10 most dangerous substances物質 in the study. Researchers believe British law should classify alcohol and tobacco the same as hard drugs such as heroin and cocaine. Head researcher Professor David Nutt of Britain's Bristol University suggested a new classification 分類of harmful substances. He said it needed to be based on the actual(real) risks (dangers) posed造成 to society. Professor Nutt said the new system was necessary in Britain as the existing one was out of date過時的: "The current drug system is ill thought-out 未深思的 and arbitrary武斷的,” he said. He added there was no scientific basis for excluding排除 alcohol and tobacco as serious drugs.

Professor Nutt and his colleagues (coworker) used three factors to find out how harmful a drug is: the physical身體的 harm to the user, how addictive the drug is, and the impact it has on society. The researchers were experts in drug addiction, lawyers and police officers with scientific or medical backgrounds背景 and doctors. All of them agreed on the dangers of alcohol and tobacco. They ranked 分級/排名 alcohol as the fifth and tobacco as the ninth most harmful drugs. Professor Nutt and his colleagues (coworker) used three factors to find out how harmful a drug is: the physical身體的 harm to the user, how addictive the drug is, and the impact it has on society. The researchers were experts in drug addiction, lawyers and police officers with scientific or medical backgrounds背景 and doctors. All of them agreed on the dangers of alcohol and tobacco. They ranked 分級/排名 alcohol as the fifth and tobacco as the ninth most harmful drugs.

Sources:
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2009/nov/02/david-nutt-dangerous-drug-list

C. Medical Marijuana 藥用大麻

1. CBD Oil 大麻二酚
Uses of CBD oil:

1. Chronic pain　慢性/長期疼痛
2. Relieve 緩解 Cancer related symptoms 症狀
3. Childhood epilepsy癲癇
4. Anxiety焦慮/Depression憂鬱
5. Inflammation 發炎
6. Stress
7. Schizophrenia 思覺失調症(精神分裂症)
8. Pets

Reading 3:Arrested Because of Cannabis Oil (B Class) 
Reading 4:Marijuana in the USA (B Class)

EXTRA:
Uruguay to Legalize (B Class)
Medical Marijuana for Pets (B Class)
Nevada Makes Marijuana Legal


C. The War on Drugs

• Should there be punishments for dealing drugs?
• Should there be punishments for using drugs?
• Should drug dealers get the death penalty?

Planes With Drugs (B Class)
Police Take A Lot of Drugs (B Class)
War on Drugs in Mexico (B Class)
Drone with Drugs (B Class)
Duerete is Like Hitler (B class) or Duterte vows to kill 3 million drug addicts and likens himself to Hitler 杜特蒂誓殺300萬毒蟲，並自比為希特勒

D. Addiction

• Are some people more easily addicted to drugs than others? or Do some people have addictive personalities?
• What else can people become addicted to?
• What drugs are addicting?
• Why are some drugs more addicting than others?
• Why do some people get addicted when others do not?
• What happens in the brain of a person that causes addiction?
• If you are addicted to drugs, what should you do?

Reading: Addiction May Be in Our Genes

E. Taiwan

1. Classification
2. Use and Addictions

NPP and LSD (April 2018)

Resources:
http://iteslj.org/questions/drugs.html
http://www.esldiscussions.com/d/drugs.html
http://teflpedia.com/Drugs_conversation_questions
http://www.geocities.ws/eslken/Legalizeit.pdf
https://fee.org/articles/marijuana-legalization-quietly-goes-global/
http://edition.cnn.com/2016/12/29/health/global-marijuana-cannabis-laws/index.html
https://international.thenewslens.com/article/42433
http://focustaiwan.tw/news/asoc/201705310013.aspx
http://www.narconon-news.org/drug-rehab/taiwan.html
http://www.havocscope.com/taiwan-drug-abuse/

Unit 7: Genocide

Learning Questions:  

What is genocide? the murder of a whole group of people, especially a whole nation, race, or religious group（尤指對整個民族、種族或宗教團體的）大屠殺，種族滅絶

victims of genocide 種族大屠殺的受害者

Why should we study genocide? Who was responsible? Are you responsible if you do not try to stop things like this? Why do people treat other human beings in ways like these?" Why after the Holocaust “never again” have genocides continued to happen?

There are seven readings some of which are divided by English proficiency. I tried to go in chronological order. (ppt, handouts)

 (Quiz 1) Introduction and Armenia Vocabulary

Reading (A): Turkey upset by US ‘genocide’ vote

Introduction to The Jewish Holocuast

Vocabulary

A. The Political Spectrum and Fascist ideology法西斯主義

1. Nazism納粹主義 and the 3rd Reich
2. Biological Racism: The Aryan雅利安人種 Superiority and the "unwanted"
3. Jewish Ghettos聚集區
4. Concentration and Extermination Camps滅絕營
5. Human Experimentation 納粹人體實驗

Reading 2: Auschwitz (A class/ B Class)

Reading 3: Remembrance Day

January 27 is the International Holocaust Remembrance Day. It is the day on which the world remembers one of the greatest tragedies in human history, the Nazi Holocaust in Germany during World War II. The United Nations created this day in a special Resolution in 2005. Members of the UN General Assembly wanted a day in memory of the 6 million European Jews who perished in the Nazi concentration camps. The day is also to make future generations aware of the horrors of what happened in the camps in the hope that this will prevent future acts of genocide. January 27 is the date in 1945 when the Russian Army liberated the largest such camp, Auschwitz.

The United Nations holds a week of events that ends on January 27. These include exhibitions on the Holocaust in its New York headquarters, the launch of special websites, concerts and videoed messages from world leaders and Holocaust survivors. In 2008, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon gave the following speech: “We must go beyond remembrance, and make sure that new generations know this history. We must apply the lessons of the Holocaust to today’s world. And we must do our utmost so that all peoples must enjoy the protections and rights for which the United Nations stands.” Special events also take place at Holocaust museums in the USA and Israel.

Reading 4: Cambodia Killing Fields (A Class/ B Class)

Reading 5: Balkan Wars: Radovan Karadzic captured in Serbia

Serbian security forces have captured Radovan Karadzic, the international fugitive who had been on the run for almost 13 years. Karadzic was on Interpol’s most wanted list for masterminding ethnic cleansing during the Balkan Wars of the 1990s. He is accused of organizing the genocide in the town of Srebrenica when 8,000 Bosnian Muslims were massacred by Serbian troops. A representative from Serbian President Boris Tadic said: "Karadzic was brought to the investigative judge of the War Crimes Court in Belgrade, in accordance with the law on cooperation with the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia." Thousands of Bosnian Muslims celebrated in the streets on Monday night at the news of Karadzic’s arrest.

The United States and the European Union congratulated Serbia’s government on the capture of Karadzic. The association representing the mothers of those killed in Srebrenica also added their praise and thanks. One mother said: "I hope that people who had to keep quiet because of Karadzic will start revealing the locations of mass graves and let us find the truth about our loved ones". UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon also welcomed the news, saying it was "a historic moment for the victims" of the atrocities. He said justice would not be fully done until Karadzic’s sidekick Ratko Mladic had also been caught. "While this is an important milestone, the work of the International Tribunal will not be complete until all fugitives have been arrested and tried," he said.

Reading 6: Rwanda

Students from the Lorene Rogers Middle School have been campaigning on Twitter since April 6th for people to remember the 1994 Rwanda genocide. Their “teensMAD4Rwanda” project aimed to generate a million Twitter messages (tweets) in 100 days - ‘MAD’ means ‘making a difference’. They won advertising space in the 'USA Today' newspaper for their efforts. Teacher Tara Gipson said their hope was “to stop the violence from occurring again through understanding and education”

The class had dinner with Rwandan President Paul Kagame and met many survivors of the Rwandan genocide. Up to a million people lost their lives in the horror. This was about 20 per cent of the population. The killing happened because of tensions between two ethnic groups in Rwanda – the Hutus and Tutsis. The Hutus believed the Tutsis wanted to enslave them so they called for the killing of all Tutsis. The world looked on at the bloodbath for three months and did nothing. The Texas students’ million tweets represent the million deaths.

Reading 7: The Exodus of the Rohingya 羅興亞人的流亡

Whispering Palms and Paragraphs

I. Listening

1.  Friday I'm in Love (English Lyrics/ Chinese Subs, 2, Chinese Video)

II. Grammar

 Be vs. Have Got

Got is commonly used incorrectly by native speakers of English and by those learning English.  Correctly used, got is the past tense of the verb (to) get.

Had is the past tense of the verb (to) have. 

Main Verb: Base Form	Simple Present Tense	SIMPLE PAST TENSE
原形 (infinitive)
(to) get	GET (don't get) GETS (doesn't get)	GOT (didn't get)
(to) have	HAVE (don't have) HAS (doesn't have)	HAD (didn't have)

Have + object + past participle 過去分詞 (have something done)

• I had my car washed.
• John will have his house painted.

Get + object + past participle 過去分詞 (get something done)

• The students get their essays checked.
• I'll get my hair cut next week.
• He got his washing machine fixed.

Have someone do something (have + person + infinitive 原形)

• I had the electrician look at my broken light.
• The doctor will have the nurse call the patients.
• The teacher had the students write the answers on the whiteboard.

Get someone to do something (get + person + to + infinitive原形)

• She gets her son to do his homework by promising him ice cream when he's finished.
• I got the cleaner to clean under the cupboards.

WRONG: We really got fun with our friends and we really like Friday night.

RIGHT: We really have fun with our friends and we really like Friday night.

What about: At 7 pm, every other Friday, we got this family meeting where we talk about our problems.

Extra Practice, Forming Have Got questions,

III. Conversation: Present Perfect Tense 現在完成式

When to use the present perfect 現在完成式 (video)
Extra Explanation

Intro Conversation: VOA's "Have you ever been?"
Class Activity: Conversation page 1, page 2

IV. Writing a Paragraph

1. Closing Sentence : Restates the main idea, summarizes the paragraph, gives an opinion, makes a prediction

Activity 1: Focus on rewording topic sentence,

Key Words: All in all, As you can see, Clearly, In conclusion, To sum it up, Thus, Therefore, In summary, Indeed, As a result, Finally ....

Extra Practice,

1. Planning a Paragraph
2. Narrative Paragraph
3. Persuasive Paragraph
4. Expository Paragraph
5. Personal Letter

V. Reading

The Whispering Palms ( PDF/ Video)
Vocabulary:

1. coconut
2. grove
3. balance (v.)
4. drag  (v.)
5. collect (v.)
6. bring up [a child] (v.)
7. weave (v.)
8. puzzled (adj.)
9. pluck (v.)
10. jasmine
11. fiber
12. carve (v.)

Extra: All the uses of the coconut

RESOURCES:

http://www.eslhelpdesk.com/Grammar_Help_Handbook_Online/Troublesome_Verbs_Got_versus_Have.html

https://www.thoughtco.com/have-and-have-got-for-beginners-1208968
http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/causatives-have-get.html

Cows, Sacagawea and "I'm Nobody! Who Are You?"

I. ROOT 詞根 : “duce “ lead, bring
 1. Reduce 減少；減小；降低；縮小 The plane reduced speed as it approached the airport.當飛臨機場時，飛機減慢了速度。
 2. Seduce勾引；誘姦 
3. educate教育，培養 The form says he was educated in Africa. 表格上顯示他在非洲接受教育。

 II. IDIOM 成語:

 1. “Lick your lips” 垂涎欲滴地期待 He licked his lips at the thought of all that money. 一想到那麽多的錢，他就有些迫不及待了。

2. “Fly into a rage” 勃然大怒 I asked to speak to her boss and she just flew into a rage. 我要求跟她的老闆談話，結果她勃然大怒。

 Now draw the literal and idiom's meanings.

 III. Vocabulary for "A Life-Saving Cow" (Vocabulary Review Games)

1. Herd (v.) 趕成一群，放牧 A old woman was herding the goats up the mountainside. 一位老婦人正在山坡上放牧山羊。

 2. Trunk樹幹 
3. Knock out (v.) 擊昏（某人）；使（某人）不省人事 She hit her head on the ceiling and knocked herself out. 她的頭撞到天花板，昏了過去。

 4. Lick (v.) 舔，舐 He licked the chocolate off his fingers. 他把手指上的巧克力舔乾淨了。 She licked the stamps and stuck them on the parcel. 她舔了一下郵票，然後貼在包裹上。 

5. Manage to (v.) 成功做到，順利完成（尤指困難之事） [+ to infinitive] Did you manage to get any bread? 你弄到麵包了嗎？

 6. Rage (v.) 激烈進行；猛烈發作；肆虐 The storm raged outside. 屋外暴風雨大作。 

7. Noon- 12:pm, 正午；中午 We used to ski before noon then take a long lunch. 我們過去經常在中午之前滑雪，然後悠閒地吃午餐。

 8. Red Cross紅十字會 The Red Cross is/are supplying medicine to the earthquake victims. 紅十字會正在向地震災民提供藥物。

Reading 2: Sacagawea 薩卡加維亞

薩卡加維亞 肖肖尼印第安人婦女，曾背負幼兒，隨劉易斯與克拉克遠征隊跋涉蠻荒，進行考察。 薩卡加維亞是肖肖尼族印地安人。1800年，當她才12歲大時，被希達察族的印地安人抓走，1804年被賣給或輸給了一位法裔加拿大籍的設陷阱捕獸者及商人夏博諾，成為夏博諾的其中一位妻子，兩人育有一子讓·巴蒂斯特。 維基百科出生： 1788 年配偶： 圖森·夏邦諾

 (Vocabulary Self Study)

Vocabulary: Native American美洲土著居民，印第安人,  Pacific Ocean,__________,  raid突襲；突擊,     prisoner犯人，囚犯,       trade交換；改換，更換,          slave奴隸, gamble賭博，打賭,      dialect方言，土語，地方話    interpreter口譯員         expedition遠征；探險，考察   valuable 有用的；重要的；有價值,   explorer勘探者；考察者；探險者

Extra Links:
Sacagawea Trivia Quiz
Lewis and Clark Expedition: National Geographic
Sacagawea Word-o-Rama
Sacagawea Audio lessons-PBS

Reading 3,  ABAB Poem: The Purple Cow by Gelett Burgess

I never saw a Purple Cow,
I never hope to see one,
But I can tell you, anyhow,
I’d rather see than be one!

Reading 4, Poem: “I’m Nobody! Who are You?” by Emily Dickinson   

Vocabulary:   nobody沒有人，無人,       too也，還, Pair一對，一雙, 一對,           advertise, 登廣告，做廣告，宣傳；公佈；徵聘 dreary, 沈悶的，單調乏味的，令人沮喪           public, 民眾的，大眾       bog泥塘；沼澤

I’m Nobody! Who are you?

I'm Nobody! Who are you? 
Are you nobody too? 
Then there's a pair of us? Don't tell! 
They'd advertise, you know! 

How dreary to be somebody! 
How public – like a frog – 
To tell one's name the livelong June 
To an admiring bog! 

我是無名小卒！

我是無名小卒！你是誰？ 
你也是無名小卒嗎？ 
那我們是一對囉？別說！ 
你知道他們會大肆宣傳！ 

當個重要人物多麻煩！ 
暴露於公眾 -- 像隻青蛙 -- 
在漫長的六月將自己的大名 
報給仰慕的沼澤聽

Answer:

1. How do you think the writer feels?___________________________________

2. Have you felt this way before? When?________________________________

______________________________________________________________

3. Why is it better to find someone who feels the same?

4. Who is “they” in Line 4?___________________________________________

5. Why would it be dreary to be “Somebody”?____________________________

Do you agree with the writer?____________________________________

6. How are frogs “public”?___________________________________________

7. How are people like frogs?_____________________________________

8. This poem is an example of a ____________ poem.

a. ABA                   b. ABCB        d. AABB

9. This poem is about_______.

a. being unknown and private is better than being famous

b. frogs are disgusting

c. Somebodies are better than Nobodies

d. It’s better to be humble, rather than proud

10. Make a poem mood ring.